Amy Johnson was a very ambitious and energetic person. She studied at a university and later took a job as a typist. Although she was enthusiastic and did her best, she made many mistakes and was poorly paid. She didn’t want to be a typist, anyway, she dreamed of becoming a pilot! Amy moved to London, borrowed some money, and learned to fly. Nobody, however, wanted to hire a female pilot. She decided to fly alone to Australia to prove that she could fly as well as any man. Her parents lent her money to buy an airplane. Amy set off on May 5, 1930. Her route took her over Vienna, Constantinople, and Baghdad. She was caught in a sandstorm and had to make an emergency landing in the desert. But she landed in India six days later. She had broken the record to India by two days. After experiencing some more hardship, she finally reached Australia. Amy had proven that she could fly and that a woman could do most anything she really put her mind to. She didn’t want to be a typist. She was not energetic enough to do the job. She was not enthusiastic about typing. She never went to a university.

Takeover hostility Acquisitions of Chinese enterprises by foreign companies are increasingly being challenged amidst a growing mood of “economic patriotism.“ The former National Bureau of Statistics Commissioner Li Deshui is one of the most prominent of the critics. During last month’s session of the National People’s Congress(NPC. the country’s law-making body, he warned that the acquisition of promising local companies by multinational investors was creating monopolies in a number of sectors. “If China lets multinationals’ malicious mergers and acquisitions go ahead freely, China can only act as labor in the global supply chain,“ said Li, worrying that Chinese brands and the innovation ability of the national industry would disappear gradually and core parts, key technologies and high value added of China’s leading enterprises might be completely controlled by multinationals.“ His pointed criticism generated wide media exposure and created fears of a foreign mergers and acquisitions(M&A) threat. Several factors have contributed to the climate, including national pride, lingering resentment over Chinese oil giant CNOOC’s failed US $18 billion bid for Unocal last year, and a protectionist resurgence, partly in response to a growing protectionist sentiment in the United States and Europe against low-cost Chinese exporters. “These emotions about foreign capital are the last thing we want,“ says Fei Guoping, director of the China Mergers & Acquisitions Association under the All-China Federation of Industry and Commerce. “Such unwarranted enthusiasm will only hurt the country’s economic development. What we want is to make sane progress in building an M&A review system based on national economic security,“ says Fei, who is the chief writer of a proposal on such a review system submitted by the federation to the NPC last month. While the Chinese Government welcomes foreign investment, through M&As or otherwise, the explosive increase in FDI has given multinationals a degree of market power that many Chinese find worrying and potentially damaging to the development of domestic enterprises. However, if the worry is directed at the scale of foreign investment, it is missing the target, says Fei, who believes the key point is the absence of a law and a government body to look at possible M&As that may hurt national security. In China, some department regulations involve M&A reviews and several government bodies have the power to look at parts of the M&A cases. The Ministry of Commerce(MOFCOM)) and the National Development and Reform Commission(NDRC) are entrusted with the primary responsibility of supervising foreign-related M&A transactions. The former is the principal foreign investment regulator while the latter is responsible for approving the foreign investment project application. The nature of the target may lead to the involvement of other regulators. The State-Owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission plays a significant role in transactions involving State-owned enterprises. The China Securities Regulatory Commission, which is responsible for monitoring and regulating China’s capital markets, will be involved in transactions linked to listed companies. There is a higher level of government participation in M&As in China than is typical in other countries, says an official from skincare company L’Oreal, which acquired local brand Mininurse. “Despite the recent relaxation of foreign investment restrictions, pervasive approval requirements re- main a distinctive feature of M&A transactions in China,“ says the official, who did not want to be named. While the complicated M&A review process often scares away potential investors, few efforts are made during the process to check whether a monopoly is created or whether the deal threatens national security, Fei says. “The establishment of an M&A review system and an authority will be a base line, though it may not be frequently used.“ The US practice is one way to go. The Exon-Florio Amendment was enacted in 1988 amid rising domestic concern about growing Japanese investment in America. It authorizes the president to block any foreign acquisition of a US company that threatens to impair national security based on recommendations of the Committee on Foreign Investment in the United States(CFIUS). CFIUS is chaired by the US Treasury but includes 12 federal agencies with defence, security, and economic interests. However, CFIUS rarely blocks agreements. It has reviewed more than 1,500 transactions since 1988 but blocked only one-the proposed 1990 acquisition of a US aerospace company by China National Aero-Technology Import & Export Corporation. National security should be clearly defined to build such a system, says Wang Zhile, a researcher at the Chinese Academy of International Trade and Economic Co-operation. “National security is not a volatile feeling that can be frequently mentioned,“ says Wang, a researcher on multinational operations in China. Li Deshui claimed that by 2005, multinationals controlled more than 80 percent of China’s large scale supermarkets, with foreign companies also enjoying virtual monopolies in other categories such as skincare. However, foreign retailers actually account for less than 10 percent of the country’s retail sales. It is also frequently cited as proof of a foreign monopoly threat that most of the 2,000 enterprises in the equipment-making industry with more than 100 billion yuan(US $12 billion) in annual sales are foreign-funded. In reality, it means that the market is fully competitive, and is not a threat to national economic security, says Wang. “Simply making it harder for foreign investors does net solve the problem; it only makes matters worse.“ Compared with other regions around the world, the M&A wave in China has not yet reached its peak and has been picking up only in recent years with the easing of restrictions. The total volume of Asia-Pacific M&As last year hit a record US $474.3 billion, up 46 percent from US $324.5 billion in 2004. China leads the race as the most targeted country outside Japan, recording a total US $66 billion in announced deals in 2005, compared to US $58.9 billion in 2004, according to market data firm Dealogic. At the same time, MOFCOM data shows that foreign greenfield investment last year fell 0.5 percent to US $60.33 billion. Many foreign investors now prefer acquisitions of Chinese enterprises rather than greenfield investments, because it saves time for those eager to gain a foothold in the country, Wang says. Investment bankers warn that the current negative sentiment could reduce overseas companies and buyout groups’ appetite for takeovers. Carlyle Group’s landmark 3 billion yuan(US $370 million) take-over of Xugong Group, China’s largest construction equipment maker, has been stalled. People familiar with the situation say MOFCOM is refusing to approve the deal—the country’s largest private equity buyout—unless Carlyle promises not to sell its majority stake to a foreign construction-equipment group in the future. It remains to be seen whether the tougher conditions being imposed on foreign investors will result in longer-term restrictions on foreign takeovers of Chinese companies and the creation of an anti-trust regime that is aimed at foreigners, according to an analysis by PricewaterhouseCoopers. Carlyle’s problems are matched by similar delays for Caterpillar, the world’s largest construction-equipment company, in its efforts to buy into Xiamen Engineering Machinery. The company has already purchased Shandong Engineering Machinery Corp. James Owens, chairman and chief executive officer of Caterpillar, says he is amused that people think Caterpillar is seeking a monopoly. “Our market share in China is less than 5 percent, lower than any other country in Southeast Asia.“ Owens says he expects the company’s sales to more than double in the next five years as China continues to build expressways and subways. But the expectation is based on its current expansion plan in China, which hinges on a mix of joint ventures, wholly-owned enterprises and acquisitions, a strategy under threat in the present climate.According to Li Deshui, the former National Bureau of Statistics Commissioner, we should not let multinationals’ malicious mergers and acquisitions go ahead freely. Y N NG

W: Do you have any plans for this weekend? M: There’s so much to choose from on campus that I’m just not sure what I’m going to do. W: The football game’s on Saturday night, and I’m going with a group of friends. Do you want to go with us? M: Of course I’d like to go to the football game: it’s the biggest game of the season. And it sounds like fun to go with a large group of people. W: Good. We’ll be meeting at the cafeteria for dinner at six o’clock on Saturday night, and then we’ll go on to the game together. M: That takes care of my plans for Saturday night. But now I need to make a decision about Sunday af ternoon. The music department is sponsoring a concert then, and I’d really like to hear that concert. But there’s also a play being presented by the drama department that I really wanted to see. It’s too bad, those two events ate at tile same time. W: You know, if you go to the game on Saturday night and a concert or play on Sunday, that doesn’t leave much time for studying. Attend a football game alone. Go to a sporting event. Eat in the cafeteria and study. See a play.

As researchers learn more about how children’s intelligence develops, they are increasingly surprised by the power of parents. The power of the school has been【S1】______by the home. To begin with, all the【S2】______which are part of intelligence the child’s understanding of language, learning【S3】______, curiosity--are established well before the child enters school at the age of six. Study after study has shown that even after school begins, children’s【S4】______have been far more influenced by parents than by teachers. This is【S5】______true about learning that is language-related. The school rather than the home is given credit for【S6】______in achievement in subjects such as science. In view of their power, it’s sad to see so many parents not making most of their child’s intelligence. Many teachers now【S7】______that children cannot be educated only at school and parents are being asked to【S8】______both before and after the child enters school. Parents have been particularly afraid to teach reading at home. Of course, children shouldn’t be pushed to read by their parents, but educators have【S9】______that reading is best taught individually--and the easiest place to do this is at home. Many five-year-olds who have been shown a few letters and taught their sounds will【S10】______single words of their own with them even before they have been taught to read. A)achievements F)fantasies K)unfortunately B)compose G)patterns L)realize C)factors H)particularly M)reminded D)acknowledgements I)vacation N)contribute E)variations J)replaced O)discovered

Books, magazines and newspapers devote a great deal of space to articles on the wonders of______(作者们称之为“信息进代的”)

It must have rained yesterday evening, ______ the ground is wet. since while for because

By the late 1950s scientists had already ______ enough evidence to show a clear link between smoking and cancer. assembled proved acquired accumulated

The fact that the management is trying to reach agreement ______five separate unions has led to long negotiations. over upon in with

If you have chance to go to China, you must take some pictures of the Great Wall for it ______ the country’ s civilization. symbolizes sponsors utters pioneers

1. 描述你以前的学习和工作经历 2. 你的现状、兴趣和爱好 3. 建议见他/她

W: Rex, can you give me a hand with one of those bags? M: Sure, Lucy. W: Could you take this one please? I didn’t realize how heavy these bags would be. M: Why did you borrow so many books from the library when you have to walk back to your room from there? W: Well, I didn’t intend to. Indeed, most of the books aren’t mine. On my way back I met two classmates who asked me to bring their stuff as they were going to a party. And I’m also going there later, you know, after 1 drop all these bags. M: What’s the occasion? W: Our professor, Prof Lee, has been on vacation for a month and we thought we’d surprise him. We’re getting together for a welcome party. M: Oh, that’s really thoughtful of you. W: We figure it’s the least we can do for him. He’s really helped me a lot with my last term paper. M: Really? That’s very kind of him. W: Well, he understood how difficult it was to submit the paper by the deadline when I was in the hospital, so he granted me a month’s extension. He’s been such a big help to me. I thought that this might be a small way to thank him. Going to the library. Trying to carry heavy stuff back to her room. Talking to two of her classmates. Going to a party.

Amy Johnson was a very ambitious and energetic person. She studied at a university and later took a job as a typist. Although she was enthusiastic and did her best, she made many mistakes and was poorly paid. She didn’t want to be a typist, anyway, she dreamed of becoming a pilot! Amy moved to London, borrowed some money, and learned to fly. Nobody, however, wanted to hire a female pilot. She decided to fly alone to Australia to prove that she could fly as well as any man. Her parents lent her money to buy an airplane. Amy set off on May 5, 1930. Her route took her over Vienna, Constantinople, and Baghdad. She was caught in a sandstorm and had to make an emergency landing in the desert. But she landed in India six days later. She had broken the record to India by two days. After experiencing some more hardship, she finally reached Australia. Amy had proven that she could fly and that a woman could do most anything she really put her mind to. She didn’t want to be a typist. She was not energetic enough to do the job. She was not enthusiastic about typing. She never went to a university.

Make millions with no work! Lose 5 kg overnight! Clear your credit history! The secrets to getting hot girls! Get out of debt! Junk email messages like these, also known as spam, are familiar to anyone with an email account. On average, each email user received 1,300 spam messages last year, and that number is expected to increase to 3,900 by the year 2007. Junk mail is nothing new. For years, marketing groups have collected consumer information, including addresses and phone numbers, and sold them as lists to interested advertisers. But with junk mail, the high cost of mailing packages to large groups of people kept it down to a manageable level. But with email, anyone With a computer and Internet connection can now send messages around the world for free. But it’s the people who receive spam who wind up paying. It is estimated that spam costs companies millions of dollars every year due to wasted time, connection costs and lost emails. 130. 3,900. 13,000. 1,300.

The family is【B1】______. In the past, grandparents, parents and children used to live together, and they had an extended family. Sometimes two or more brothers with their Wives and children were part of this large family group. But family structure is changing【B2】______the world. The nuclear family【B3】______of only one father, one mother and children; it’s becoming the main family structure everywhere. The nuclear family offers married women some【B4】______: they have freedom from their【B5】______ , and the husband does not have all the power of the family. Studies show that in nuclear families, men and women usually make an【B6】______number of【B7】______about family life. But wives usually have to “pay“ for the benefits of freedom and power. When women lived in ex tended families, sisters, grandparents and adults helped one another with housework and childcare. In addition, older women in a large family group had important【B8】______. Wives in nuclear families don’t often enjoy this benefit, and they have another disadvantage, too.【B9】______ , so older women from nuclear families often have to live alone. Studies show that women are generally less satisfied with marriage than men are. In the past, men worked out side the home and women worked inside.【B10】______. Now women work outside and have more freedom than they did in the past, but they still have to do most of the housework.【B11】______ .

Planning is a very important activity in our lives. It can give 【C1】______ , even excitement or cause quite severe headaches. The more significant the task 【C2】______ , the more careful the planning 【C3】______ to be. Getting to school or to work on time is a 【C4】______ requiring little or no planning. It is almost a routine. 【C5】______ touring holiday abroad, or, better still, getting married is a different 【C6】______ altogether. If the trip 【C7】______ a church wedding, with 50 guests, a reception, a honeymoon in Venice, and 【C8】______ to a new home, this requires even more planning to make 【C9】______ that it is successful. Planning is our 【C10】______ of trying to ensure success and 【C11】______ avoiding costly failures we cannot 【C12】______ . It is equally 【C13】______ to mankind as a whole, to 【C14】______ nations, to families and single people, the scale may 【C15】______ , but the degree of importance does not. In essence, a nation 【C16】______ its resources and needs does not differ from the 【C17】______ weekly shopping or monthly household budget. 【C18】______ are designed to ensure an 【C19】______ supply of essentials, at a rate of spending 【C20】______ the limits of income.

There is ______ (无可否认) that he has directed the most popular films in ten years.

M: Hey, you look like you need a hand. It looks very heavy. W: Oh, yes please, I feel like my arms are going to be pulled off!! Q: What is the woman doing? a heavy box. a small dog. her handbag. a drink.

W: Hello! Can you introduce yourself please? M: Sure, my name is Steven Patterson and I’m from a small town called (19)Brentwood in Essex which is in England. W: OK, Essex. What part of England is that? M: That’s in the southeast. W: Southeast. M: Yeah, yeah. (20)It’s attached to London, just next to London. W: Oh, OK, but you said it’s a small town. M: (20)It’s relatively small. The population is about 50 000. W: OK, well, what kind of place is your town where you grew up? M: It’s actually a very nice and prosperous town. People often travel out from Brentwood into London and they work in the city, because it’s a pleasant place to live. W: Oh, it sounds nice. Well, now if you live in a little town near London, will it be really expensive? M: Yes, because it’s a desirable place to live in Brentwood and (21)the closeness to London also makes the housing quite expensive. W: Oh, really, when I think of a small British village, you know, I think of really old houses, and nothing’s changed, so do you have modern stuff, like a health club, a movie theater or things like that? M: (22)The cinema in Brentwood actually closed down, but it does have a very nice health center and as I said lots of parks to play. There are lots of opportunities to exercise and various forms of recreation. W: Wow, sounds like a nice place to live. 19. Where does the man come from? 20. What do we learn about Brentwood? 21. Which is one of the reasons for the high cost of Brentwood? 22. What can be inferred from the conversation about the recreation in Brentwood? Essex, Brentwood, England. Brentwood, England, Essex. Brentwood, Essex, England. Essex, England, Brentwood.

The curtain has risen on the third act of one of the most ambitious French musical productions, one whose goal is to end digital piracy. More than two years after France approved a tough punishment on copyright cheats, the agency that oversees it sent its first cases to the courts last week. Some repeat offenders may temporarily be cut off from the Internet. Studies show that the appeal of piracy has declined in France since the so-called three-strikes law, welcomed by the music and movie industries and hated by advocates of an open Internet, went into effect. Digital sales, which were slow to get started in France, are growing. Music industry revenues are starting to stabilize. But the curtain has not yet come down for the fallen file-sharers. As a presidential election nears, opposition to the law is heating up. Rivals of President Nicolas Sarkozy, who championed the measure, say that it destroyed civil liberties. His opponents, building on the momentum (动刀) from a successful campaign to defeat two U. S. congressional bills aimed at curbing piracy, as well as a swell of protest against an international copyright treaty, want to repeal (废除) or amend the French law. The agency called Hadopi that administers the three-strikes system had sent 822,000 warnings by e-mail to suspected offenders as of the end of December. Those were followed up by 68,000 second warnings, issued through registered mail. Of those, 165 cases have gone on to the third stage, under which the courts are authorized to impose fines of € 1,500, or nearly $ 2,000. A separate study by researchers at Wellesley College in Massachusetts and Carnegie Mellon University in Pittsburgh suggests that Hadopi has given a lift to legal downloads via the Apple iTunes music store. Since the spring of 2009, when the debate over the measure was raging, through mid-2011, iTunes sales rose much more strongly in France than in other European countries. While there is no proof that Hadopi was responsible, the study says the case for a link was supported by the fact that sales of musical genres (类型) that suffer from high levels of piracy, like hip-hop, rose much more than sales of low-piracy genres, like Christian and classical music.

About a century ago more people would not have appreciated the study of a foreign language as they do today. Gone are those days when patriotism (爱国主义) towards one’s own language was a major obstacle to learning foreign languages, a time when most nations were trying to throw their alien (外国的) rulers out of their countries in their freedom struggles. Gone are those days when people were proud of their mother or father tongues and considered that their native languages alone will meet the need to survive. Language skills today have become as important as other business and career skills like IT, vocational or professional skills. Thus learning a foreign language today has become essential for an individual whether it is for careers, growing a business, or even to make an impression. All that one needs to possess these days is a drive to learn a foreign language and there are all kinds of institutes and courses that teach various foreign languages like French, German, Spanish, and Japanese. Today’s world economy has bridged the barriers of race, sex, color and religion and the world has become a smaller place. Today’s businesses also demand language skills to expand and grow in other countries. Tens and hundreds of businesses worldwide are expanding and growing their businesses by promoting them in countries other than their countries of origin. The tremendous growth of the Internet has further increased the demand for language skills. In Canada an official rule also says that all commercial establishments must have their websites created both in English and French, the official languages of the country. Language can also ease race and border barriers. You are more welcome in an alien nation if you know the language of the people there and can converse in their tongue. People in these countries immediately respect you and think you care about their culture as much as they do because in any culture language is the key identity.

We don’t need air conditioning, ____________(我们也买不起).