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试卷名称:江苏专转本（英语）模拟试卷47

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For many years, scientists couldn’t figure out how atoms and molecules(分子)on the Earth combined to make living things. Plants, fishes, dinosaurs(恐龙), and people are made of atoms and molecules, but they are put together in a more complicated way than the molecules in the primitive ocean. What’s more, living things, that have energy and can reproduce on the Earth four billion years ago were lifeless. After years of study, scientists figured out that living things, including human bodies, are basically made of amino acids and nucleotide(氨基酸与核苷酸)bases. These are molecules with millions of hydrogen(氢), carbon(碳), nitrogen(氮), and oxygen atom. How could such complicated molecules have been formed in the primitive soup? Scientists were stumped(难住). Then, in 1953, two scientists named Harold Urey and Stanley L. Miller did a very simple experiment to find out what had happened on the primitive Earth. They set up some tubes and bottles in a closed loop(线圈), and put in some of the same gases that were present in the atmosphere four billion years ago: water vapor, carbon dioxide(二氧化碳), methane(甲烷), and hydrogen. Then they shot an electric spark through the gases to simulate(模拟)bolts(闪电)of lightning on the ancient Earth, circulated the gases through some water, sent them back for more sparks, and so on. After seven days, the water that the gases had been bubbling(起跑)through had turned brown. Some new chemicals were dissolved in it . When Miller and Urey analyzed the liquid, they found that it contained amino acids—the very kind of molecules found in all living things.

According to the writer, living things on the Earth include______.

A．atoms and molecules

B．chemicals

C．plants, fish, dinosaurs and human beings

D．the primitive soup

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At the end of the last paragraph, the word “it“ refers to______.

A．a close loop

B．an electric spark

C．water

D．the liquid

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Harold Urey and Stanley L. Miller did their experiment in order to______.

A．find out what had happened on the Earth 4 billion years ago

B．simulate bolts of lightning on the ancient Earth

C．dissolve some new chemicals

D．analyze a liquid

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Scientists figured out that human bodies are basically made of______.

A．amino acids

B．hydrogen, carbon, nitrogen and oxygen atoms

C．molecules

D．water vapor, ammonia, carbon dioxide, methane and hydrogen

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When did scientists come to realize how the atoms and molecules on the Earth combined to make living things?

A．Four billion years ago.

B．In 1953.

C．After seven days.

D．Many years later.

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Honeybees cannot live alone. Their body structure and instincts equip them for life in a colony(群居)or community, where they have a complex social organization and the various duties are divided among the individuals according to physical fitness and age. An individual worker bee cannot reproduce itself. While it may continue to live if forcibly isolated from its mates， it fails to care for itself adequately(足够), and soon dies. Most insects have the ability to hibernate(冬眠)in winter, but the honeybee seems to have lost this. Since at low temperatures the bee will die, it must have the ability to make its own environment, so far as temperature is concerned. This makes a colony necessary to the bees in winter, so that they may collectively warm each other. Efficiency, if not necessity, demands that the work of the colony be divided, and such a division of labor tends to increase the need to maintain the colony. The physical structure of the honeybee is further suited for the defense of the entire colony rather than for its own defense. The bee’s barbed(有刺的)sting is used only once and is made more effective by the fact that it is left behind in the victim. With the loss of the sting, however, the bee dies. This kind of defensive weapon is not of service to the individual, but to the community.

For many years, scientists couldn’t figure out how atoms and molecules(分子)on the Earth combined to make living things. Plants, fishes, dinosaurs(恐龙), and people are made of atoms and molecules, but they are put together in a more complicated way than the molecules in the primitive ocean. What’s more, living things, that have energy and can reproduce on the Earth four billion years ago were lifeless. After years of study, scientists figured out that living things, including human bodies, are basically made of amino acids and nucleotide(氨基酸与核苷酸)bases. These are molecules with millions of hydrogen(氢), carbon(碳), nitrogen(氮), and oxygen atom. How could such complicated molecules have been formed in the primitive soup? Scientists were stumped(难住). Then, in 1953, two scientists named Harold Urey and Stanley L. Miller did a very simple experiment to find out what had happened on the primitive Earth. They set up some tubes and bottles in a closed loop(线圈), and put in some of the same gases that were present in the atmosphere four billion years ago: water vapor, carbon dioxide(二氧化碳), methane(甲烷), and hydrogen. Then they shot an electric spark through the gases to simulate(模拟)bolts(闪电)of lightning on the ancient Earth, circulated the gases through some water, sent them back for more sparks, and so on. After seven days, the water that the gases had been bubbling(起跑)through had turned brown. Some new chemicals were dissolved in it . When Miller and Urey analyzed the liquid, they found that it contained amino acids—the very kind of molecules found in all living things.

Misjudging someone’s use of silence can take place in many contexts and on many levels.

当我给他打电话时，他出去了。

古来一切有成就的人，都很严肃地对待自己的生命。

在讨论这个问题之前，我要给你们读点东西。

In Britain, the best season of the year is probably______ spring. latter later last late

I broke my relationship with Anne because she always found______. error mistake flaw fault

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